As the electric vehicle market continues to grow, projections indicate that the number of EVs in the European Union could reach between 37 to 38 million by 2035. With most of these vehicles expected to be charged at home, the demand for residential charging stations is set to soar. To minimize their environmental impact, it’s essential that these charging stations utilize clean energy sources, particularly distributed photovoltaic systems. However, the integration of EVs and PVs into the energy grid presents challenges, including significant fluctuations in power supply and demand that can strain substation transformers.

A recent study by Eurac Research published for the Journal eTransportation in collaboration with University of Trento and Technical University of Denmark, proposes an innovative solution: a centralized bidirectional Vehicle-to-Grid smart EV charging policy designed to minimize net load power variance at substations. This approach leverages advanced optimization techniques, offering a user-centric analysis that addresses both charging and discharging needs while considering realistic limitations and efficiency.

The transition to a centralized V2G smart charging system presents a promising avenue for managing the increasing demands on our energy infrastructure. By reducing power fluctuations and promoting the use of renewable energy, this approach not only supports grid stability but also offers significant benefits to EV owners. As the market for electric vehicles continues to expand, integrating smart charging solutions like V2G will be crucial for achieving a sustainable and economically viable energy future.

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